SELECT 
  category_id, 
  parent_id 
FROM 
  cscart_categories 
WHERE 
  parent_id IN(
    36825, 36849, 36854, 36846, 36847, 36850, 
    36816, 36845, 41453, 36855, 36817, 
    41473, 36858, 36809, 36859, 36827, 
    41311, 36808, 36799, 36863, 36805, 
    36824, 36856, 36851, 36823, 36857, 
    36800, 36820, 36796, 36862, 36797, 
    36839, 36798, 36842, 36865, 36864, 
    36789, 2461, 5452, 36790, 2475, 1289, 
    36815, 36791, 36792, 36795, 28406, 
    5690, 1582, 28522, 7103, 29509, 2580, 
    2530, 2524, 2634, 2523, 5536, 2629, 
    2630, 2579, 2571, 3538, 2610, 2566, 
    7027, 36794
  )

Query time 0.00069

JSON explain

{
  "query_block": {
    "select_id": 1,
    "cost_info": {
      "query_cost": "21.18"
    },
    "table": {
      "table_name": "cscart_categories",
      "access_type": "range",
      "possible_keys": [
        "parent"
      ],
      "key": "parent",
      "used_key_parts": [
        "parent_id"
      ],
      "key_length": "3",
      "rows_examined_per_scan": 104,
      "rows_produced_per_join": 104,
      "filtered": "100.00",
      "using_index": true,
      "cost_info": {
        "read_cost": "10.78",
        "eval_cost": "10.40",
        "prefix_cost": "21.18",
        "data_read_per_join": "269K"
      },
      "used_columns": [
        "category_id",
        "parent_id"
      ],
      "attached_condition": "(`maniamall_cscart`.`cscart_categories`.`parent_id` in (36825,36849,36854,36846,36847,36850,36816,36845,41453,36855,36817,41473,36858,36809,36859,36827,41311,36808,36799,36863,36805,36824,36856,36851,36823,36857,36800,36820,36796,36862,36797,36839,36798,36842,36865,36864,36789,2461,5452,36790,2475,1289,36815,36791,36792,36795,28406,5690,1582,28522,7103,29509,2580,2530,2524,2634,2523,5536,2629,2630,2579,2571,3538,2610,2566,7027,36794))"
    }
  }
}

Result